I think it would be fine. Friend of mine has Immich on a N100, like you mentioned, the initial ML tasks on a big library takes over 24 hours but once it’s done it doesn’t need much. I don’t have experience running next cloud but the others you mentioned don’t need much RAM/CPU.

ZFS doesn’t need much RAM, especially for a two disk 4TB mirror. It soaks up free RAM to use as a cache which makes people think it needs a lot. If the cache is tiny you just end up hitting the actual speed of the HDDs more often, which sounds within your expectations. I dare say you could get by with 8 GB, but 16GB would be plenty.

I’d only point out if you’re looking for it to last 10 years, a neat package like the ugreen might bite you. A more standard diy PC will have more replaceable parts. Would be bigger and more power hungry though.

That is fricking sick dude!

I don’t understand. Police can track you down via your credit card, your phone, your licence plate on your car, rando security cameras. All of these are hard to avoid. How often does your ID not just get checked, but recorded? It seems like not much of a game changer.

I think you’re connecting digital IDs with people’s online activity for some reason. In most countries, authorities can already connect online activity with an individual, since you register and pay for internet. Doing things that the powers that be don’t like will get you in legal trouble. Remember the 2000s when the music industry sued individuals for millions? In China they take down your post if it challenges social cohesion, in the USA they take all of your money and assets for challenging corporate revenue.

Most digital IDs are options for people that already have their bank/credit card on their phone and don’t want to carry a wallet just for ID. Some places like Estonia go further with actual asymmetric keys that let you sign documents with your ID’s private key that proves you signed it.

Ah kay, definitely not a RAM size problem then.

iostat -x 5 Will print out per drive stats every 5 seconds. The first output is an average since boot. Check all of the drives have similar values while performing a write. Might be one drive is having problems and slows everything down, hopefully unlikely if they are brand new drives.

zpool iostat -w Will print out a latency histogram. Check if any have a lot above 1s and if it’s in the disk or sync queues. Here’s mine with 4 HDDs in z1 working fairly happily for comparison:

The init_on_alloc=0 kernel flag I mentioned below might still be worth trying.

deleted by creator

After some googling:

Some Linux distributions (at least Debian, Ubuntu) enable init_on_alloc option as security precaution by default. This option can help to prevent possible information leaks and make control-flow bugs that depend on uninitialized values more deterministic.

Unfortunately, it can lower ARC throughput considerably (see bug).

If you’re ready to cope with these security risks 6, you may disable it by setting init_on_alloc=0 in the GRUB kernel boot parameters.

I think it’s set to 1 on Raspberry Pi OS, you set it in /boot/cmdline.txtI think.

Exhaustive ZFS performance tuning guide

sync=disabled will make ZFS write to disk every 5 seconds instead of when software demands it, which maybe explains your LED behavior.

Jeff Geerling found that writes with Z1 was 74 MB/sec using the Radxa Penta SATA HAT with SSDs. Any HDD should be that fast, the SATA hat is likely the bottleneck.

Are you performing writes locally, or over smb?

Can try iostat or zpool iostat to monitor drive writes and latencies, might give a clue.

How much RAM does the Pi 5 have?

My understanding is that it’s technically against their TOS but loosely enforced. They don’t specify precise limits since they probably change over time and region. Once you get noticed, they’ll block your traffic until you pay. Hence you can find people online that have been using it for years no problem, while other folks have been less lucky.

Basically their business strategy is to offer too-good-to-be-true free services that people start using and relying on, then charging once the bandwidth gets bigger.

It used to be worse, and all of cloudflare’s services were technically limited to HTML files, but selectively enforced. They’ve since changed and clarified their policy a bit. As far as I’ve ever heard, they don’t give a toss about the legality of your content, unless you’re a neo Nazi.

I’m guessing the cloudflared daemon isn’t connecting to jellyfin. You want to use http://. Also is jellyfin the hostname of the VM? Using localhost or 127.0.0.1 might be better ways to specify the same VM without relying on DNS for anything.

Personal opinion, but I wouldn’t bother with fail2ban, it’s a bit of effort to get it to work with cloudflare tunnel and easy to lock yourself out. Cloudflare’s own zero trust feature would be more secure and only need fiddling around cloudflare’s dashboard.

NumdaQA already pointed out you’re utterly wrong, but some additional context might help:

• The opposition says the government should have grovelled more to avoid the tariff, they wouldn’t ever retaliate with their own.
• The Australian Steel industry does not give a shit.

So while I get it makes sense in Canada, and we are similar countries in a lot of ways, but on this issue we’re just at different political places.

Consider something like the aoostar R1 with Intel N100. Small and low power like a commercial consumer NAS but cheaper and you can chuck whatever OS you want.

Would you consider making the LLM/GPU monster server as a gaming desktop? Depends on how you plan to use it, you could have a beast gaming PC than can do LLM/stable diffusion stuff when not gaming. You can install loads of AI stuff on windows, arguably easier.

I’ve been using pcloud. They do one time upfront payments for ‘lifetime’ cloud storage. Catch a sale and it’s ~$160/TB. For something long term like backups it seems unbeatable. To the point I sort of don’t expect them to actually last forever, but if they last 2-3 years it’s a decent deal still.

Use rclone to upload my files, honestly not ideal though since it’s meant for file synchronisation not backups. Also they are dog slow. Downloading my 4TBs takes ~10 days.

My 10 year old ITX NAS build with 4 HDDs used 40W at idle. Just upgraded to an Aoostart WTR Pro with the same 4 HDDs, uses 28W at idle. My power bill currently averages around US$0.13/kWh.